 | Title: Polar Bear and Cubs, Alternative Title: Ursus maritimus, Creator: Steve Amstrup, Source: SL-03407, Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Contributor: ASSISTANT REGIONAL DIRECTOR-EXTERNAL AFFAIRS. |
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Photo taken by Steve Amstrup on the pack ice in the Beaufort Sea.
The name Ursus maritimus means maritime bear. Their preferred habitat is the pack ice of the Arctic Ocean. The ice edge and pressure ridges where fractures and refreezing occur provide the best hunting ground. Ursus maritimus: Information
During the Ice Age, seals adapted to life in icy northern seas. Their need to breathe and reproduce at the surface put a rich year-around food resource within reach of a population of brown bears that began to live more and more out on the ice. Natural selection favored those bears best able to catch seals, and they became more thoroughly carnivorous than other bears. By 100,000 years ago they had evolved into something like the polar bear of today. Although polar and brown bears now look and act rather differently, their genetic closeness is demonstrated by matings in zoos that produce fertile offspring. Polar Bears
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