American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) FREE COLOR PHOTO: American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) Symbol: PAQU, Group: Dicot, Family: Araliaceae, Growth Habit: Forb/herb, Duration: Perennial, U.S. Nativity: Native. View 17 genera in Araliaceae, 4 species in PanaxAmerican ginseng was much used by Native Americans. Menominee hunters, who chewed the root to impart a lure to the breath and to attract deer. The plant was used by Meskwaki women to obtain a husband. A mixture consisted of ground ginseng, mica, gelatin, and snake meat. The Pawnee also used ginseng roots in combination with certain other substances as a love charm. The Ojibwe considered the root a goodluck charm if carried in the pocket.
Huron Smith (1932) recorded a potentially sustainable way to harvest the roots among the Ojibwe. .They only gathered the root when the red berries were mature, but before they were ready to drop. Into the hole from whence the root came, they would thrust the whole fruiting top, and carefully firm the soil upon it. Knowing the location well, they would revisit the place in three to five years and find more roots than they harvested in the first instance..
The roots were used in eyewash by the Iroquois to treat the sore eyes of two-year-old children. The root could also be steeped in warm water and drunk for alleviating sores on the body. The pulverized root was smoked to treat asthma. Women of the Penobscot tribe took an infusion of the root to increase fertility. The Delaware used the roots and other plant parts as a general tonic.
American ginseng is in high demand in the United States and China as an herbal remedy. It is used for stress and to increase energy and mental acuity in the United States. In China, it is a panacea for sexual impotency, nervousness, vomiting, and dyspepsia.
In general, this species has been depleted by overcollecting for commercial purposes. Many states, such as Maryland, have a permit process instituted for collectors in the wild.
This aromatic herbaceous perennial has once palmately compound leaves arranged in a single whorl. The leaves are oblong-obovate to obovate, 6-15 cm, and conspicuously serrate. The stems are solitary, 2-6 dm, and with one flower umbel per stem. The flowers are greenish-white, all or mostly perfect. There are two styles and five stamens. The fruits are berry-like, bright red drupes, 1 cm thick as we see in this example.
Title: Ginseng American, Alternative Title: (Panax quinquefolius), Creator: Pittillo, Dan J., Source: WO-1254-46a, Publisher: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Contributor: DIVISION OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, Language: EN - ENGLISH, Rights: (public domain), Audience: (general), Subject: plant, plants, botany.
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USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (plants.usda.gov). Data compiled from various sources by Mark W. Skinner. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
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Kingdom Plantae – Plants, Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants, Superdivision Spermatophyta – Seed plants, Division Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants, Class Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons, Subclass Rosidae –, Order Apiales –, Family Araliaceae – Ginseng family, Genus Panax L. – ginseng, Species Panax quinquefolius L. – American ginseng.
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